Waxing A Snowboard :: essays research papers

How to wax a snowboard   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There several ways to go about waxing a snowboard. Firs you have to determine what conditions you will be riding in. Then you will have to choose a wax. Say you are going to Vail and the snow condition are.... well lets just say the temp.. of the snow is about 20*. Well the thing you need to do is find a low temp. wax. The way you determine a low temp. wax from a high temp. wax is by the rating.. Low temp. waxes will be in a range from -20* to about 25*. A high temp. wax will be in a range from about 25* to 40*. There are waxes made for higher conditiond above 45* that are used in conditions that are referred to as, summer conditions. The wax that is used in summer conditions is a harder wax that will protect your board from sand, dust, and ice crystals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If you are riding in low temp. conditions with a high temp wax your performance will not be that good. If the conditions are going to go back and forth in temp. you should wax your board with a low temp. wax or you can use a wax that can be used in all temps. WAXING INSTRUCTIONS FOR HOT WAXING   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Select wax or waxes for correct snow temperature and condition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Use in a well-ventilated area or with a respirator. (Only if you are hot waxing)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Heat iron below the 'smoking iron'; temperature.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. Melt the smallest end of the wax on the iron and drip all over the snowboard.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5. Smooth out drips with iron.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6. Let wax completely dry then scrape with a plastic or metal scraper.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  7. Buff wax with a buffing pad. IF YOU ARE DOING A RUB ON WAS YOU WILL NEED TO FALLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS

Inter-American system of human rights protection Essay

Human Rights are certain inherent, inalienable, immutable, inviolate freedoms and rights of man which no one can take away. These include the right to life, liberty, equality and dignity. The United States of America recognizing these rights established the Inter American system of Human Rights by adopting the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man and the American Convention on Human Rights. Pursuant to the adoption of these instruments the Inter American Commission on Human Rights and the Inter American Court of Human Rights were established to promote and protect Human Rights of individuals. PART A 1. It is pertinent to note that the Inter American Commission on Human Rights primarily seeks to promote consciousness about Human Rights amongst the people of the country. Its functions mainly include receiving complaints, analyzing and investigating them. It has powers of observation and collection of data regarding Human Rights violations in the member States. It can also visit on site and conduct seminars and meetings to promote awareness regarding Human Rights. When a complaint is referred to the Commission, it can after conducting its investigation and analysis publish a report and send it to the State. This report is recommendatory in nature and not mandatory. Hence the Commission can only recommend that the State take due notice of the human rights violations and take appropriate reparatory measures. In the alternative, the Commission can seek opinion from the Inter American Court of Human Rights. So also, in the present case, the Commission has no powers to enforce the law laid down by the State of Colorado but can only request the State to take precautionary measures so as to ensure that human rights are not infringed upon. 2. With respect to the second question, it is seen that as per Article 2 of the Statute of the Inter American Court of Human Rights, the Court has adjudicatory jurisdiction vis a vis a human rights violation brought before it by the Commission or any Member State of the Organization of American States. The said Article refers to Articles 61-63 of the American convention on Human Rights which clearly state that the Court can order the State to allow the human being to enjoy his human right and also order for either monetary or non monetary compensation for the injury so caused. Such an order passed by the American Court would be binding on the State. The provision further clarifies that in case an act or omission on the part of the State would cause irreparable loss to the person, the Commission can take such provisional measures to ensure that the irreparable loss is not caused. It would thus transpire that in the present case, the Inter American Court of Human Rights can enforce the law requiring the Colorado State police to arrest an individual disobeying the restraining order. 3. In the present case various provisions of the various human rights enactments are violated. The Commission can primarily seek to apply Articles 1, 5, 6, 9, 18 & 24 of the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man. Article 1 of the American Declaration states that all persons have equal right to life, liberty, and personal security. Article 5 & 6 deal with a person’s right to protection of self as well as family. Article 9 talks about a person’s right to inviolability of home while 18 & 24 talks of fair trial and the right to approach the court for remedy. A brief reading of the petition tells us how each of these rights have been violated by omission to act on the part of the State. These clauses are applicable even if the United States have not ratified this Declaration. Further Article 11 of the American Convention on Human Rights which deals with a persons right to protect his honor and home and also gives him the right to seek judicial remedy in case of infringement is another provision that the Commission can consider and apply to this particular case. According to the Inter-American Convention on Forced Disappearance of Persons, a duty is laid on the State to punish those persons or their accomplices who commit the crime of forced disappearance of others. This clause has been violated by the husband of the petitioner who allegedly kidnapped their daughters and the police department can be held liable as they stood mute spectators to the whole thing. Article 7 of the Convention of Belem do Para (the Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment, and Eradication of Violence against Women) condemns all forms of violence against women and seeks to punish such persons who have committed such crimes by enacting proper laws and proper investigation. The Convention also requires that the State should enact and adopt such laws which will help refrain a person from committing such acts of harassment and also ensure that persons who are victims of such violence are given timely and proper hearing. This is a right guaranteed to all women and more so to women who are victims of domestic violence. The police in this particular case having full knowledge of the fact that the petitioner was a victim of domestic violence chose to ignore her pleas and thereby ignore this provision. 4. Prior to considering the kind of jurisdiction that the Inter American Court of Human Rights would have in this present case, it is necessary to list the basic kinds of jurisdiction available to the Court in general. Jurisdiction of the Inter American Court is broadly classified into– Provisional, Advisory and Adjudicatory or contentious Jurisdiction. In provisional jurisdiction, the Court has the power to act in situations that are grave and urgent and require immediate intervention without which grave harm shall be caused to the victim (Buergenthal, 1982, p.241). In Advisory Jurisdiction the Court can give its opinion on the various provisions of the Convention as well as other treaties and also opinionate on the compatibility of the domestic law with any treaty (Buergenthal, 1982, p. 242). In order to avail the adjudicatory or contentious jurisdiction is concerned, it is necessary that the member States subject themselves to the jurisdiction of the Inter American Court (Pasqualucci, 2003, p. 88). It is also necessary for the Convention or treaty in question to grant the jurisdiction to the Court. An illustration to explain this point would be that the Inter American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence Against Women very clearly states that the Commission has only advisory jurisdiction and no contentious jurisdiction in respect of complaints filed under its provisions (Pasqualucci, 2003, p. 91). The jurisdiction clause also states that the Inter American Court cannot naturally assume the role of an appellate authority. It cannot make right any wrong decision of the national courts. However, if there is a gross violation of the human rights enshrined in any treaty and if this gross violation were to cause irreparable harm to the individual, then the Inter American Court may interfere and record that the proper procedures as laid down in the treaties were not followed. In the present case, the United States by virtue of having ratified the American Convention, has given people the individual right to approach the Commission for violation of human rights. However, this jurisdiction in advisory in nature and not adjudicatory as it has not yet subjected itself to the jurisdiction of the Inter American Court. Thus any person through the Commission can seek the advisory jurisdiction of the Inter American Court even if the Member State has not subjected itself to the jurisdiction of the Court (Buergenthal, 1982, p. 244) 5. Procedurally, the Commission on receiving a petition shall initially register it and see if it has complied with all the rules of procedure and if the petition does not comply then the Commission will send it back to the petitioner so as to ensure compliance. Once the petition conforms to the rules then the Commission shall then send relevant parts of the petition to the State for its response, for which the State is given two months time. However, in serious and urgent cases, the State is asked to respond immediately. This is done to ensure the veracity of the petition and to ensure that the petition still subsists. The commission may also require the State to present its observations on the admissibility and merits of the case at hand. Once the observations of the parties are submitted or the time period given to each party has lapsed, the Commission will verify the merits of the case based on the facts before it and decide whether to admit it or reject it. In the present case too the Commission should first satisfy itself as to the compliance of all the rules of procedure and then seek observations from the State and other parties concerned. 6. The Commission will then confirm as to whether the petitioner has exhausted all the available domestic remedies. However, in cases where the domestic legislation does not provide for due process of law or where the petitioner is refrained from pursuing domestic remedies then the above provision does not hold true. The Commission has to ensure that the petition before it has been filed within six months of receipt of the decision of the domestic remedy. In this case the petitioner has exhausted all the possible domestic remedies and has not been successful in the same. The Supreme Court of the United States has also rejected the petition of the petitioner and has passed its final judgment in the matter. The Commission should then decide on the admissibility of the petition by setting up a working group. In the present case, it is seen that the Commission has held the petition admissible. When the Commission finds a petition admissible it creates an admissibility report that is made public and the case is then registered and the parties are notified of the same. After the case has been registered, the Commission invites additional observations in writing from all parties concerned. A time limit for submitting these observations is set by the Commission. In some cases, the Commission can also convene a hearing to enable the parties to present their points of view. In this case too, the Commission has opened the case and the parties are informed about the same. Additional observations have been requested from the parties and the Commission has in fact convened a hearing. In this case, the United States government has responded by stating that it has taken proper and adequate measures to combat domestic violence and that the remedies in the domestic judicial system are adequate to tackle the problem. In the hearing the Petitioner will be able to present her case before the Commission in person. After hearing the case of both sides and also after going through the written observations submitted by both parties, the Commission will deliberate on the merits of the case and formulate a report. 7. The first document that the Commission publishes in response to a case is the admissibility report wherein it admits the case and registers it. This report has already been published by the Commission and has been sent to the parties concerned. The Commission has then convened a hearing on the issue and will deliberate on the case after the hearing. The next important document that the Commission publishes is the Preliminary report on the merits of the case. This report contains the preliminary observations and the recommendations of the Commission. 8. If the Commission feels that there is no violation, then the report is published and sent immediately to all parties concerned. In case the Commission feels that some provisions have indeed been violated then a preliminary report is made and sent to the State along with the recommendations proposed by the Commission. 9. In case the State complies with the recommendations given in the preliminary report, the Commission will notify the petitioner as to the same. However, in cases where the State does not comply with the same, the Commission can approach the Inter American Court for adjudication. However, in the present case as the United States has not subjected itself to the jurisdiction of the Court, the said remedy is not available to the Commission in case of non compliance. In the present case, the Commission should deliberate on the observations sent by the parties, investigate on site to determine the veracity of the facts, interview the various concerned individuals and then send its preliminary report to the State along with its recommendations. If the State fails to comply with the same within three months of it being sent, the Commission then has to issue a final report that contains its opinion, final conclusions and final recommendations. The Commission should then send it across to all parties concerned and make a note of it in its Annual report. The Commission should take active steps in terms of follow up to evaluate the actual compliance of the recommendations by the parties. 10. In this present case, if the Commission publishes its preliminary report wherein it holds that there has been violation of human rights and recommends certain precautionary measures to the State then it would mean that the petition has succeeded partially. By partially, it is meant that the violation has been recognized by the Commission. However, for the petition to succeed completely, the State has to comply with the recommendations given by the Commission. If the State refuses to accept the recommendations of the Commission, then the petition would have failed as the petitioner has not achieved any major reliefs but has only obtained a theoretical order that envisages the ideal situation vis a vis human rights.

A.D Hope Australia Essay - 663 Words

The poem Australia by A.D Hope is a juxtaposition of peoples or societies view of Australia, versus the patriotic stance of the writer. It also shows how A.D Hope is trying to convey his perspective on the identity of Australia. A.D Hope reveals his discontentment and scathing tone on Australia’s identity through his descriptive imagery, â€Å"a Nation of trees, drab green and desolate grey,† where the sombre and bleak nature of Australia is divulged through the derogative language, â€Å"drab† and â€Å"desolate.† Furthermore, the poet reflects his dislike towards the Australian society which is built on trying to, â€Å"inhabit the dying earth,† and to â€Å"survive,† by the â€Å"ultimate men† and â€Å"second-hand Europeans.† As well as this, the sibilance of â€Å"savage†¦show more content†¦In this case, I believe that the author is trying to put forth that these newcomers are like giant leeches that take in all that is good in his country. His direct reference to patriotism comes in the last two stanzas, where he feels that there are some like him who turn gladly home to withdraw from the lush jungle of modern thought to seek the Arabian desert of the human mind. This to me as seen that the author enjoys retreating from the expansive world and would rather stay in a desert. In that case, all the above detractions that he mentioned are seen as added benefits of being an Australian. The last two lines of the poem are most memorable; he states The learned doubt, the chatter of cultured apes† Which is called civilization over there. It leaves us with an impression of him seeing as Australia as being civilization and the rest of the world just being cultured apes which they merely call civilization without it really being so. This poem shows how A.D Hope feels that one’s identity can be robbed by circumstance like how Australia’s identity was robbedShow MoreRelatedThe Australian Identity Is Really What You Love About Australia833 Words   |  4 Pagesyour head? Is it the diversity, the landscape, the mate-ship, the beaches or perhaps it’s the stereotypical aussis’? Personally, I believe the Australian identity is what each individual interprets and envisions Australia to be. The Australian identity is really what you love about Australia! One way we can express ourselves and the love we have for our country, is of course by, you guessed it, poetry! Poetry is not just any literature, in fact, poetry is a whole other world, a world that connectsRead MoreMy Country Dorothea Mackellar Analysis805 Words   |  4 PagesHow do Mackellar and AD Hope use literary devices to convey their perspective of Australia? Introduction Mackellar and AD Hope use literary devices like imagery, personification and tone to convey their perspective of Australia. The Poem Australia by AD Hope describes his negative opinion of Australia as he looks down on Australians way of life. Contrastingly, the poem My Country was written by Dorothea Mackellar at age 19 in 1904. She wrote while she was homesick in England and she expresses herRead MoreMen Working On The Bridge899 Words   |  4 PagesAt lunchtime, they sat at the same table in the lunchroom, at morning tea they took their cuppa out to the same spot on the river and after work they settled on the same corner of the bar at the Vic. They were the first real friends he’d made in Australia. In school he had been the wog boy with broken English, and while he was usually included when the boys played football or soccer, he didn’t get to know any of the other kids well. After he left school, working on the building sites with Bob, heRead MoreHow Did Christia nity Become A Major World Religion?1660 Words   |  7 Pagesunderground in the catacombs of Rome. Over the next 200 years, the Roman Government tried to suppress Christians, but they never succeeded. In the year 300 A.D. the Roman Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity on his death bed, causing Rome to see Christianity as a major religion. Christianity became the official religion of Rome in 380 A.D. By emperor Theodosius. Christianity continued to spread throughout the world for thousands of years because of Paul. (Adcock) If St. Paul had never existedRead MoreRome And Rome : Colosseum, Circus Maximus, And Hippodromes1610 Words   |  7 Pagesstand today and others are being built. Some of the most famous facilities being in Greece and Rome: Colosseum, Circus Maximus, and Hippodromes. The Colosseum is one of the greatest buildings ever built. It was built around A.D. 70-72 by Emperor Vespasian (Colosseum). In A.D. 80 the Colosseum was opened up for games (Colosseum). Some of the games being played were gladiatorial combats and wild animal fights (Colosseum). After going strong for four centuries about 2/3 of the Colosseum fell down (Colosseum)Read MoreNew Zealand : A New Way Of Life For The Maori People1211 Words   |  5 PagesNew Zealand is one of the last landmasses settled by humans; the Polynesian Maori were believed to be the first people to settle in New Zealand around A.D 800. These people were left alone for a long period time before the first Europeans began to arrive. In 1642, the first Europeans discovered the island, they were said to be Dutch descendants. James cook was the first person to provide a detailed map of the entire coastline in 1769. Soon after the mapping of New Zealand, people began to tradeRead MoreEssay Dead Sea Scrolls1336 Words   |  6 Pagesand north-west of the Dead Sea. The first scrolls were discovered in 1947 by a shepherd-boy who wandered into a cave after a stray goat. The texts are believed to have been hidden in eleven caves for safe-keeping prior to the destruction of Rome in A.D.70. The scrolls are a collection of biblical and non-biblical documents comprising of the Hebrew Bible, (every book except Esther); the Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha; rules for community life; biblical commentaries; a Testimonia, (a collection of versesRead MoreAir Pollution: Is Their a Solution Essay1794 Words   |  8 PagesSolution By Theresa Yeannakis SCI/275 Andra Johnson Sunday, April 18, 2010 When did we first experience air pollutions? Could it have been in the A.D era when cave people built small fires to survive? Or has it become an issue since the early 80`s. No one will be able to specifically say but what we can attest to is that since the A.D era we have contributed several times over to Air Pollution. We risk breathing in dangerous chemicals every time we breathe. What is air pollution? It is definedRead More7. How Have Australian Governments Responded to the Indigenous Population in Either the Nineteenth or the Twentieth Century?And4. How Has War Shaped Australia in the Twentieth Century?2982 Words   |  12 Pages4. How has war shaped Australia in the twentieth century? Australia has been shaped through war since soldiers set to the First World War right up until the now with the war in Afghanistan. Aspects that made it controversial ideas from being a colony of Britain and the politics that came with it, development of treaties with other countries, social groups, and family honour. Being that Australia was apart of the British monarchy Australia sent many thousands of troops to fight for Britain duringRead MoreA Brief History of Taekwondo7094 Words   |  29 Pageswell as livelihood. The Three Kingdoms: During the 6th century A.D. what we now call the Korean peninsula was divided into three kingdoms; Koguryo, Paekje and Silla. Koguryo (37 B.C.- 668 A.D.)- Koguryo was the largest kingdom. It occupied the southern section of Manchuria and the northern section of the Korean peninsula. Paekje (18 B.C. - 600 A.D.)- Paekje was situated along the Han River and in southwestern Korea. Silla (57 B.C.- 936 A.D.)- Silla was the last, and smallest of the kingdoms and located

Essay on Science Versus Religion in H.G. Wells War of the...

Martians are trying to take over the world. We humans cannot defeat them. Even with our superlative weapons we are not managing to defeat the Martians. At the ends of the novel little tiny microorganisms are managing to defeat these Martians. The key themes and ideas are Industrialization, Imperialism and science vs. Religion. Industrialization means using off weapons or machines. This is shown in the Novel by H.G. Wells that the Martians are killing the human race by using off their machines and weapons. Imperialism means that creating an empire like United Kingdom just is. This is shown in the Novel by H.G. Wells that the Martians are trying to create their own empire by starting off with the great city London. Science vs. Religion had†¦show more content†¦Evidence:†Within the five mile circle even the great majority of people were inert†. That means even the people who were the closest to the Martians they still carried on with their daily life. That actually shows us that ‘Social Order’ did not change. The word ‘inert’ is in fact very clever thought off because the word itself means that something does not react to something else and this is shown in the Novel by the popu lace not responding to the Martians and carrying on with their normal life. H.G. Wells could think about this word because he was a biology teacher and the word ‘inert’ is a scientific word. Only a few people went to that hole to have a look at it what actually happened. Evidence:†I found a little crowd of perhaps twenty people surrounding the huge hole in which the cylinder lay†. That shows us that ‘Social Order’ does not inert to the event that is happening to their great city. They have a better work to do then going to a cylinder landed from another planet. ‘Twenty people’ is a very low amount of people because we in this time would expect about 100 or 1000 of people ‘surrounding the huge hole in which the cylinder lay’, means again that ‘Social Order’ does not respond to that event at all. The reaction to a modern reader to this particularly event is very dissimilar because we at this time would all run away from the Martians. H.G. Wells did not write this in his Novel because at that time they did not hadShow MoreRelated Facing Our Fears in Science Fiction Essay3400 Words   |  14 PagesFacing Our Fears in Science Fiction The dead are walking. They lumber and limp, feet scraping against the asphalt. Suddenly, they lunge and tear down into soft, warm, vulnerable flesh with startling speed. Not far behind, oozing inside-out hellhounds growl around razor fangs, stalking with murderous intent. All because of an innocent little airborne chemical weapon†¦This can’t be happening, this would never happen, right? It may sound far fetched, and it is. These horrifying creaturesRead MoreFeminist Perspectives on Sex and Gender2271 Words   |  9 Pagesdifferent cultures, and a look at how gender functions in different cultures and contexts reveals that this is the case. By examining how media and culture more generally propose and perpetuate traditional gender identities, roles, and stereotypes, as well as the exaggerated sense of gender difference that these rely on, it will become clear that the cultural difference in terms of gender norms is indicative of a cultural origin for the notio n of gender as such, above and beyond any biological, sexualRead MoreHerbert Spencer Essay13142 Words   |  53 Pagesplayed an important part in the development of economics, political science, biology, and philosophy. Herbert Spencer was born in Derby on April 27, 1820. His childhood, described in An Autobiography (1904), reflected the attitudes of a family which was known on both sides to include religious nonconformists, social critics, and rebels. His father, a teacher, had been a Wesleyan, but he separated himself from organized religion as he did from political and social authority. Spencers father and anRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesscholarly debates on modernism and postmodernism, and provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theory and psychoanalysis. Like all good textbooks, the book is accessible, well researched and readers are encouraged to view chapters as a starting point for getting to grips with the field of organization theory. Dr Martin Brigham, Lancaster University, UK McAuley et al. provide a highly readable account of ideas, perspectivesRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesAgency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, England W1T 4LP. Applications for the copyright holder’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: ( 44) 1865 843830, fax: ( 44) 1865 853333, e-mail: permissions@elsevier.co.uk. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (www.elsevier.com), by selecting ‘Customer Support’

Essay on Psychological Profile of Holden Caulfield

Psychological Profile of Holden Caulfield Part One: The patient is Holden Caulfield, a sixteen-year-old teenage boy. Caulfields appearance is tall for his age and surprisingly has quite a few gray hairs at the age of sixteen. Holden comes from an upper-middle class family. His family has enough money to support Holden with many luxuries including skates and expensive suitcases. It appears that Mr. and Mrs. Caulfield aren?t there to talk, care, and be there for Holden, which seems to drive Holden away from his family. However, he has an intimate bond with his younger siblings, who embody innocence and youth. The death of his brother Allie has left a large scar on Holden. He has a cherished and intimate relationship with his young†¦show more content†¦The terrible part, though, is that I meant it when I asked her. That?s the terrible part. I swear to God, I?m a madman? (Salinger 134). Upon the analysis of Holden?s quote, you can clearly see that he perceives himself to be different from the rest of the world and thinks because of that he is a madman. Holden?s self-perception of being a madman is because he cannot relate with anybody else. Because he can?t compare thoughts with them, he assumes that since nobody expresses these thoughts, he is a madman. Holden recognizes and perceives to be alienated from the adult world thus causing himself to believe he is depressed. Holden believes he is depressed from viewing the adult world and thinking that it is phony. He believes that the world is phony, superficial, hypocritical, and shallow. He views this world everyday and realizes that one day he will have to step into it, but every time he thinks about the world surrounding him it causes him to become depressed. Holden becomes depressed because he desires to remain a child were innocence is preserved and not drastically taken away. In Holden?s scenario, he feels that his innocence was taken away by witnessing the suicide of his close friend and the death of dear brother. Holden sees the world that he has to become a part of and desires more to not be a part of it. This hatred of stepping into the adult world causes Holden believe he is depressed andShow MoreRelatedThe Catcher in the Rye: Holden Caulfields Mental Breakdown1384 Words   |  6 Pagesdisplays his critical and unhealthy mindset. Eventually he has a mental breakdown. Through psychoanalysis of Holden Caulfield, one may suggest that Allie s death, social development, and an identity crisis are large contributing factors in Holden s mental breakdown. Allie Caulfield is an important person to Holden and his death affects him greatly. In response to his brother s passing, Holden attempts to recover by using defense mechanisms as a shield against reality. The concept of defense mechanismsRead MoreRape Essays778 Words   |  4 Pagesmen. This led to unfair laws that did little discourage men from raping women. Being raped is a traumatic experience for the victim. Psychological damage on the victim varies depending on the age, sex, religion, and culture of the victim. The only guarantee is that the effects of rape on a victim are never positive. Rape is known to lead to psychological and emotional problems that often keep the victim living in fear and unable to maintain trustful relationships with others. Victims oftenRead MoreCatcher in the Rye: Psychological Profile3109 Words   |  13 PagesPsychological Profile: Holden Caulfield Part One: The patient is Holden Caulfield, a sixteen-year-old teenage boy. Caulfields appearance is tall for his age and surprisingly has quite a few gray hairs at the age of sixteen. Holden comes from an upper-middle class family. His family has enough money to support Holden with many luxuries including skates and expensive suitcases. It appears that Mr. and Mrs. Caulfield arent there to talk, care, and be there for Holden, which seems to drive HoldenRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye Final Assessment2098 Words   |  8 PagesThe Catcher in the Rye Final Assessment: Psychological Profile Name: Holden Caulfield Date of Birth: 01-03-1947 Age: 17 years old Testing Dates: 2-18-1960, 2-25-1960, 3-1-1960, 3-9-1960, 3-16-00, 3-22-1960 Reason for Referral: Holden Caulfield has recently been showing various signs of depression. A girl named Phoebe Caulfield, Holden’s sister, showed concern about her brother. One night she said to him, â€Å"You don’t like anything that’s happening† (Salinger, 169), and when he responded, â€Å"YesRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesand awards against organizations today indicate even greater need for management to educate all employees on sexual harassment matters and have mechanisms available to monitor employees. Furthermore, â€Å"victims† no longer have to prove that their psychological well-being is seriously affected. The Supreme Court ruled in 1993 in the case of Harris v. Forklift Systems, Inc., that victims need not suffer substantial mental distress to merit a jury award. Furthermore, in June 1998, the Supreme Court ruled

Barriers Of Entering A Foreign Market Free Essays

Going abroad with our business has been the talk of the globalization age. In this global society, there are growing reasons of why we should expand our business to foreign markets. First, companies are like continuously growing organisms. We will write a custom essay sample on Barriers Of Entering A Foreign Market or any similar topic only for you Order Now It cannot exist without the search of growth or of potentials of growth. This is why mangers cannot afford to live in the illusion that their local markets will be sufficient to sustain the need for continuous growth (Khan, 2005). Second, having an established business overseas will strengthen companies’ financial safety significantly by offsetting domestic seasonal fluctuations. Third, expanding to foreign markets is an excellent choice for enhancing companies’ market shares. Fourth, with the extensive promotion of globalization and US’ effort to combat trade protections, there are significantly more enhanced facilities to support foreign investments today compare to a decade ago. In short, entering foreign markets is an important and contemporary discussion subject (Zacharakis, 1996). However, managers have also realized that the decision to internationalize market shares contains considerable amount of risks and barriers. Some of the most recognizable barriers are cultural and language barriers, environmental issues, political issues, etc. In this paper, we are detailing those barriers and providing case examples to strengthen the arguments. II. Barriers of Entering a Foreign Market II. 1. Cultural and Language Barriers In this discussion, we will start with what is probably the strongest factor that influences expansion to foreign markets. Managers have long accepted that in internationalization considerations, differences between home culture and the culture of foreign countries are significant. Culture is a complex term. It consists of various factors like languages, religions, social norms etc. Thus, companies generally spend considerable portion of their time learning about the culture of the foreign target markets. This is also true whether managers decided to establish new firms in foreign markets or collaborating with foreign partners. Studies also indicated that cultural issues influence the manner in which companies perform their international expansion. Firms generally increase their commitment in investing to a particular foreign target market in predictable stages. First, they will use export agents to learn about the country’s culture. This type of foreign investment will change along with time and enhanced knowledge about local culture of the target market. II. 2. Business Environment Barriers The local business environment has also been an influential factor that strongly affects foreign expansion activities. For instance, companies can have the problem of not having the sufficient good image in a society that has local preferences. Reputation is the issue resulted from the local business environment condition of several markets with local preferences. Some consumers have more confidence or tendency to purchase local products rather than foreign made. Despite the extensive marketing efforts performed by foreign companies to take away local market share, they still lagged behind local products, even ones with less marketing budget. II. 3. Political and Government Regulations Barriers Other barriers are political in nature. Governmental policies can create enormous effect on company’s success or failure in entering foreign markets. China is the most apparent example of this premise. The Chinese markets have been closed from foreign investors for decades before a massive governmental revolution created opportunities for foreign investment. The government opens chances for FDI inflow. Furthermore, supports foreign investment by means of incentives, property rights protections, etc. Afterwards, economic records indicated that the country has been experiencing one of the most rapid growths in the world, with an average annual GDP growth percentage of 10% for the last decade. In short, governmental policies have significant importance in international expansion. III. Several Cases from 2001-2006 In this paper, I will provide several examples of cases involving foreign entry barriers mentioned above. Despite the similar nature of barriers in each cases, each country has their own tendency of foreign trade barriers. III. 1. Entering Indonesian Markets Indonesian is seen as one of the most economically potential markets in Asia today. Its abundant amount of human resources and cheap labor has been considerable attractions for international investors since the country recovered from its economic crisis. Nevertheless, the country is recorded to have several issues that might hamper international investment toward local markets. First, in terms of governmental policies, the country is still enacting several import and export restrictions to protect local consumers and to ensure that local necessities are fulfilled before foreign investors could take a share of the market. This could mean higher tariffs, longer bureaucracy, etc. Second, the country has a unique set of culture. Cultural analysts and foreign managers operating in local markets described the country as being comfortable in doing things their own way and refuse to have it challenged (Forrest, 2001). The importance of physical presence of superiors, the lack appreciation toward punctuality and the respect for age and seniority is several of many things that must be learned about Indonesian culture before entering local markets. Learning informal business etiquettes are often as important as learning formal ones, or sometimes more important. For example, there is a significant cultural practice in Indonesia when commonly, Indonesian managers tend to hire their relatives and friends regardless their competences. This situation is inappropriate for Australian or American companies since they consider it as nepotism (Dowling De Cieri, 1989). III. 2. Japanese Firms Entering US Markets In the case of Japan companies’ expansion to US markets, the case lies in condition of US’ business environment. Most US consumers prefer national products rather than foreign ones. This creates significant challenges for Japanese companies targeting US markets. Some Japan companies perform large marketing effort to facilitate their presence in US local markets. However, as mentioned previously, some of these efforts did not work as planned. Locals could still easily take control of the market share. This is identified as the barrier of reputation. The study of Japanese companies who enters US market revealed that some Japan companies chose collaboration with local brands in order to win local preferences rather than performing endless marketing campaigns that could have weak effects (Chen, 2003). Concerning the decision making, for example, Japanese managers tend explore the roots of problem before making a particular decision. In contrast, American managers are likely to adopt straightforward approach (judgmental behavior) that is much efficient than Japanese approach but less effective. Following link, inform the practice of Japanese culture in terms of big typhoon etc (http://www. brovision. com/) and http://www. mccombs. utexas. edu/research/ciber/executivevideotapes. asp. sss In foreign countries, for instances, Japanese companies like Toyota and Honda that realize their HR practices are unacceptable by non-Japanese culture may come up with an unfortunate solution by hiring employees under distinct employment categories that lack of job security (Hersey, 1972). III. 3. United States and China In the recent case of United State’s commerce department and the government of China, another foreign trade issues caused by local business environment appear. US Department of Commerce’s assistant secretary stated that China has been using technical regulations as a barrier of trade barriers. This is done by imposing certain quality standards that would effectively band certain products from entering the Chinese local markets. US department of commerce are currently fighting to oppose this type of trade barriers using diplomatic means (‘United States’, 2005). Bibliography Chen, Shih-Fen. Zeng Ming. 2003. ‘Japanese Investor’s Choice of Acquisition vs Startup in the US: The Role of Reputation Barriers and Advertising Outlays’. International Journal of Research in Marketing. Retrieved February 14, 2007 from brandeis. edu/ibs/faculty_publications/chen/japanese_acquisitions. pdf Dowling, P. J. , Welch, D. E. De Cieri, H. 1989, ‘International joint ventures: a new challenge for human management’, Proceedings of the fifteenth conference of the European international business association. Helsinki, December, 1989 Forrest, W. , Bidgood, M. 2001. Cultural Aspects of Business. American Indonesia Chamber of Commerce. www. aiccusa. org Fiedler, Fred E. 1965. Engineer the Job to Fit the Manager. Harvard Business Review. Vol. 43 Hersey, Paul. Blanchard, Kenneth H. 1972. Management of Organization Behavior. New Jersey: Prentic- Hall Inc. Kenna, Peggy. Sondra, Lacy. 1994. Business Japan: A Practical Guide to Understanding Japanese Business Culture. McGraw-Hill Khan, Asim. 2005. Business Management Inc. Retrieved February 14, 2007 from www. themanager. org/strategy/Deciding_to_Go_International. pdf ‘United States Combating Use of Standards as Trade Barriers’. 2005. US INFO. STATE. GOV. Retrieved February 14, 2007 from http://usinfo. state. gov/xarchives/display. html? p=washfile-englishy=2005m=Mayx=20050513162339ajesroM0. 5901605t=livefeeds/wf-latest. html Zacharakis, Andrew. 1996. Academy of Management Executive. 10(4): 109-110. How to cite Barriers Of Entering A Foreign Market, Papers

Joan Of Arc By Jules Bastien Le Page Argumentative Essay Example For Students

Joan Of Arc By Jules Bastien Le Page Argumentative Essay ?Joan of Arc,? was painted by the French realist artist Jules Bastien-Lepage in 1879. ?After the province of Lorraine was lost to Germany following the Franco-Prussian War in 1821, The Frenchmen saw in Joan of Arc a new and powerful symbol. In 1875, Bastien-Lepage, a native of Lorraine began to make studies for a picture of her. In the present painting, exhibited in the Salon of 1880, Joan is shown receiving her revelation in her parents garden. Behind her are Saints Michael, Margaret, and Catherine. (Caption next to painting in The Metropolitan)? Jules Bastien-Lepage creates a realistic atmosphere, including a supernatural, religious-like presence within his painting. Oil on canvas was used to create the realistic quality of the work. By closely examining the artists technique, it is clear that he uses delicate brush strokes in a true to life manner. The colors, and use of light seem to be painted in a layered fashion to give the landscape a sense of depth. The background of the pai nting is a garden which include foliage and brush that surrounds the primary focus of the painting, Joan of Arc. The artist put a great effort into the details of the scene. Bastien-Lepage uses a distinct realistic quality in his painting which is visible in each individual leaf and branch. Various hues of earth tones, green and brown being the most evident, are blended together in the garden scene. In the foreground of the painting is Joan of Arc. She is painted with a seemingly thicker paint technique. This makes her a more easily visible aspect in the painting, and catches the onlookers eye. Joan is dressed in a long brown skirt and blue-gray shirt with white underneath which is the typical clothing style of the 19th century. The clothing is painted to show its wear and tear. Her features and her figure are quite realistic. She seems to have a calm, but troubled expression on her face, as though she is deep in thought. Overall she is painted in a very detailed manner. A less visi ble, yet still present and important aspect of the painting are the three figures positioned behind Joan, and in front of the house. The figures are somewhat transparent, and ghostly. Their presence adds a spiritual and or religious feeling to the scene. These three figures presence blends into the scenery. Al three have halos above their heads, and serene looks on their faces. The saint on the right is dressed in what looks to be armor. He looks brave, and as if he is standing guard or going into battle. The middle saint is a praying angel. She is in a dress with a gauzy, white presence around her. This whiteness gives her an ethereal quality which Bastien-Lepage has painted quite effectively, and adds to the spiritual feeling of the scene. Her presence in the painting seems to represent chastity and virtue. The last figure looks like a young girl or child, who is kneeling with her face hidden in her hands almost as if she is upset. Perhaps Bastien-Lepage painted these three saints not only to illustrate Joan receiving her visions, but to illustrate the bravery, religious yet childlike figure that she was. Behind Joan of Arc, in the background of the picture is a house. Bastien-Lepage painted the house so that the masonry is visible. The house seems to be small in size, plain, and quaint. Surrounding the house is shrubbery, trees, and more of the garden wh ich is seen throughout the painting. This painting of Joan of Arc is very significant. Bastien-Lepage is able to effectively depict Joan as the true heroine that she was. This is significant because at the time there were not so many women heroines like her. Bibliographyno bib Arts and Painting